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A panic attack is defined as a sudden and intense episode of fear or discomfort that triggers severe physical and emotional reactions. These attacks can occur unexpectedly and are characterised by a range of physical and emotional symptoms that can become undermine functioning.

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  • Racing heartbeat

  • Shortness of breath

  • Sweating

  • Trembling or shaking

  • Feelings of choking

  • Chest pain or discomfort

  • Nausea or abdominal distress

  • Dizziness, light-headedness, or feeling faint

  • Chills or hot flushes

  • Numbness or tingling sensations 

  • Feelings of unreality (derealisation) or detachment from oneself (depersonalisation)

  • Fear of losing control or “going crazy”

  • Fear of dying

Causes and Triggers

Panic attacks can often occur without any identifiable trigger, which distinguishes them from anxiety attacks that are linked to specific stressors. The exact causes of panic attacks are not fully understood; however, they are believed to involve dysfunction in the brain’s fear processing areas, particularly the amygdala. Chemical imbalances involving serotonin and cortisol may also play significant roles.

 Diagnosis and Treatment

To diagnose a panic attack, healthcare providers will assess the individual’s symptoms and medical history while ruling out other potential medical conditions that could mimic these symptoms. Management and treatment of panic attacks include psychotherapy and medications.

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While panic attacks themselves are not physically harmful, frequent occurrences can lead to increased anxiety about future attacks and may significantly impact an individual’s functioning and quality of life. 

If you’re struggling with a panic attacks, please get in touch with us today at Headway Therapy Online. 

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Symptoms of a Panic Attack

During a panic attack, individuals may experience different symptoms, which can last anywhere from five minutes to an hour. Common symptoms include:

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